Innovation and Performance Optimization Research of Key Components and Application of Hydrogen Fuel Cells

Hydrogen fuel cells have gained significant attention due to their environmentally friendly, clean, and efficient characteristics. While there has been extensive research on hydrogen fuel cells, widespread adoption has not yet been achieved. There is ample room for further development. This paper presents a comprehensive review of proton exchange membranes, catalysts, electrode structures, materials, and the potential applications of hydrogen fuel cells. Novel doping technologies and material applications are gradually maturing to enhance the adaptability of proton exchange membranes. Various methods are being explored to improve the performance of platinum-based catalysts and other precious metal catalysts. Non-precious metal alternatives have been developing to reduce costs. Optimization of existing electrode materials and transition layers is underway. Research into new materials is taken to enhance the efficiency and stability of hydrogen fuel cells. Hydrogen fuel cells are Currently employed in vehicles and ships and may continue to find application in maritime and aerospace sectors in the future.