Perovskite Solar Cells: Structure, Working Principle, and Modification Strategy

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are known for their excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency, low cost, and high flexibility. Organic-inorganic hybrid PSCs have excellent performance which is comparable to traditional solar cells. However, the crystal quality of perovskite thin films is poor. In addition, there are numerous interface defects in the films, which lead to the unstable performance. Therefore, exploring ways to modify PSCs is beneficial for expanding their application realms. This work mainly discusses the development of perovskite solar cell. The structures of PSCs are discussed. The components and working principles of PSCs are described in detail. Perovskite films exhibit many defects, especially at the interface. These defects hinder the movement of charge carriers. As a result, the lifetime of charge carriers is largely reduced. Defect passivation technology can help improve this situation. Therefore, this work also introduces the modification strategies of PSCs including the additive engineering and interface engineering. In addition, exploring two-dimensional perovskite materials as one of the effective ways of modification has also been summarized. This work opened up a new perspective for the study of PSCs.