Using L1 to Learn L2 Enhances Language Acquisition at University

This paper investigates how strategically learners' first language [L1] should be used in higher education to improve second language [L2] learning. The paper emphasizes the need of the first language in improving comprehension, retention, and cultural awareness using concepts including Cummings' Common Underlying Proficiency and Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development. It also takes counterarguments into account, including too reliance on L1, thereby supporting a mixed approach. The paper shows how, when correctly incorporated, L1 can improve language and conceptual development in L2 acquisition by use of research and personal pedagogical experience.