Evaluation of the effect of the pesticides glyphosate and chlorpyrifos on the activity of some neuronal enzymes using milk and turmeric in laboratory albino Wistar rats

Chlorpyrifos and glyphosate are the most commonly used pesticides that have harmful effects on oxidative stress and neuroenzyme disorders. The current research aims to evaluate the effect of pesticides on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) in laboratory rats to study the protective effect of turmeric and milk against the effects of the used pesticides. The study was conducted inthe General Laboratory of Pharmaceuticals of the Pharmaceutical Industries Company in Samarra from the beginning of January to the end of February 2023, using 45 albino wistar rats aged 3-4 months and weighing 160-200 grams. The Groups were divided into nine Groups, each containing 5 animals: the control Group, the Groups exposed to pesticides, and the Groups treated with turmeric and milk. The results showed a significant increase (P≤0.05) in MDA( 3.819 ±0.831 ), AChE (116.897 ±13.42) and a significant decrease in GSH (1.293 ±0.197) in the Groups exposed to pesticides compared to the control Group. Treatment with milk and turmeric led to a significant decrease (P≤0.05)in the concentrations of MDA and AChE in the treated groups compared to the Groups exposed to pesticides only. While treatment with milk and turmeric led to a significant increase (P≤0.05) in GSH in the Groups exposed to chlorpyrifos and treated, and no significant difference was shown in the Groups exposed to glyphosate and treated compared to the Group exposed to glyphosate only. We conclude that turmeric and milk have a therapeutic effect in removing the harmful effects on the nervous system and reducing oxidative stress.