ANALYZING THE IN VITRO POTENTIALS OF Anneslea fragrans, Mallotus philipensis, Magnolia hodgsonii AND Bauhinia variegata FOR THEIR ANTI-UROLITHIATIC ABILITIES

Introduction and Aim: The etiology of urolithiasis is complex with various factors such as supersaturation, inflammation, oxidative stress and microbial infection due to E. coli, Pseudomonas spp.and urease-splitting bacteria etc., contributing to stone formation.The present article analyses the antiurolithiatic properties of four medicinal plants viz.Anneslea fragrans, Mallotus philipensis, Magnolia hodgsonii and Bauhinia variegata in comparison with Cystone.Materials and Methods: The methanolic extracts were studied for nucleation assay, aggregation assay, 2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) assay, proteinase inhibition assay, and antimicrobial studies against two-gram negative bacteria viz.Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and one-gram positive bacterium, Staphylococcus aureus.Results: The present investigation indicated that Anneslea fragrans exhibit significant anti-nucleation,anti-aggregation properties, though marginally weaker than Cystone, but have higher anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial properties as compared to Cystone.All the plant extracts exhibit significant antioxidant properties with IC50 values of 1.95, 1.9, 2.14 and 1.85, and ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE in mg/g) values of 0.395, 0.75, 0.349 and 0.72, significantly higher anti-inflammatory property with IC50 values of 420.75, 646.16, 408 and 940.93 for proteinase inhibition assay of Anneslea fragrans, Mallotus philipensis, Magnolia hodgsonii and Bauhinia variegata respectively, and significant antimicrobial properties when compared with Cystone, a polyherbal formulation.Conclusion: The current study demonstrated the therapeutic potentials of the plant extracts in ameliorating factors that cause kidney stones, and can be further investigated to identify their bioactive components.