Insights into Fertility Variability in Africa: A Path Toward Achieving the SDGs

Background: The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) is a major demographic index used to measure population growth. This indicator (TFR) varies significantly across Africa. This variation is influenced by cultural, economic, and policy-related factors. Methods: This research examines regional differences by applying Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to World Bank data from 2018 and 2022. Results: The results of the study show that there are significant differences in the TFR across Africa’s regional blocks (North, West, East, Central, and Southern Africa), with Central and West Africa showing the highest rates and North Africa having the lowest. The results highlight the necessity for region-specific policies to address fertility patterns and their implications for sustainable development. Conclusion: The insight provided by this study is a necessary tool for policymakers to design demographic interventions that align with regional realities and contribute to progress toward achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).