The Influence of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Mandibular Position on Visual Capacities: A Case-Control Study

Based on our data, TMD individuals performed worse in vision tests compared to healthy subjects and the presence of occlusal contacts appears to improve convergence and accommodation. The reduced reproducibility and accuracy of the orthoptic tests and the small sample number were the principal limitations of our study. The future perspective could be to investigate whether the visual apparatus could benefit from the treatment of stomatognathic disorders.