RESISTANCE OF MASTITIS IN COWS TO ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS

The purpose of the study is to determine the resistance of microorganisms isolated from milk samples from cows with mastitis to antibacterial drugs. Objectives: to analyze and identify the most common microorganisms involved in the pathology of the mammary glands in cows and to determine the resistance of bacterial cultures isolated from milk samples to antibacterial drugs. The study was carried out in 2014–2021 in the laboratory of biotechnology – diagnostic center Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Siberia and the Far East SFSCA RAS. For the study, 442 milk samples were taken from cows with a clinical form of mastitis from large dairy complexes of 5 regions (Novosibirsk, Tyumen, Tomsk, Omsk and Amur), the Altai and Krasnoyarsk Regions of the Russian Federation, as well as the Republic of Kazakhstan. The data on the resistance of the microflora, which is determined to 17 antibacterial drugs of 9 pharmacological groups, are presented. The isolated microflora was represented mainly by bacteria of the genera Staphylococcus – 45.7 %; Clostridium – 35.3; Streptococcus – 32; Salmonella – 9.5 %. Bacteria of the genus Staphylococcus were most resistant to polymyxin, cephalonium, ceftonitis, lincomycin, cefapirine and ampicillin, and least to amoxicillin with clavulanic acid. Bacteria of the genus Streptococcus are most resistant to cephalonium and polymyxin, and least to amoxicillin with clavulanic acid. Representatives of the Clostridium genus are resistant to lincomycin and polymyxin, Salmonella genus – to enrofloxacin, ceftonite and cephalonium, Proteus vulgaris – to ampicillin, lincomycin, rifampicin, cefapirin, cephalonium and polymyxin, Escherichia coli – to the maximum number of studied antibacterial drugs.Data are presented that indicate the need for timely diagnosis of mastitis, the identification of a range of anti-mastitis drugs to improve the effectiveness of therapy.