Formation of a weed seed bank іn the soil under various anthropogenic load

An important perspective for agricultural production and increasing the yield of crops is the rational protection of them from weed vegetation.An important indicator of quantitative changes in the potential weediness of crops and, at the same time, the anti-weed effectiveness of agrotechnical measures is the balance of segetal seeds in the cultivated layer over a certain period.Peculiarities of the formation of potential weediness of the soil by the seeds of segetal vegetation in the sowings of agricultural crops in five-field grain rotations under different fertilization systems were studied.It was established that the analysis of indicators of potential soil contamination in short-rotational crop rotations showed the advantages of using organo-mineral fertilization systems in five-field grain crop rotations.These include per hectare of arable land of the crop rotation area N96-1029090 (intensive), cultivation once per rotation in post-harvest sowing of oil radish for siderate and the production of all by-products.This ensures the lowest indicators of the weed seed bank in the soil at the level of: soy -16.2 thousand pcs/m 2 , winter wheat -33.8, sunflower -25.6, corn for grain -43.9, oats (after sunflower) -19.7 and after corn for grain 21.6, winter rye -15.6 thousand pcs/m 2 .And there is also an increase in the germination of viable weed seeds in field microplots during the entire growing season (soy -358 pcs/m 2 , winter wheat -624, sunflower -542, corn for grain -907, oats (after sunflower) -489 and after corn for grain 525, winter rye -472 pcs/m 2 ).