Texture decoration: from folk costume to fashion and interior design

The article is devoted to the problem of decorating the texture of interior textiles with smocking. The article systematizes information on the history of smocking development, develops a classification of smocking designs, and substantiates recommendations on the geometric parameters of smocking on interior textiles. The paper uses descriptive and historical approaches to systematize and classify the types of smocking designs. As a result of the analysis of literary sources and museum exhibits, it was found that smocking as a figurative gathering of the fabric into several rows of assemblies have been known in Europe since the 16th century, and were also used in folk costumes of Ukraine and England. Since the 1970s, smocking has gained popularity as an element of clothing and interior textiles embellishments. As the review of clothing models with smocking of various designers showed, the most common in clothing is embroidery on top of the assemblies, Waffle and Basket smocking. Smocking is placed on the bodice, on the top of the skirt, on the bottom of the sleeves. In interior textiles, smocking is placed mainly in the upper part of curtains, on pillows, on bedspreads, on tablecloths. An author’s classification of smocking has been developed according to their design and technological features: the method of execution, the shape and arrangement of cells, the type of stitch, materials for the formation and decoration of assemblies.