<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>Q</mml:mi></mml:math>-ball collisions and their gravitational waves

Sydney Coleman’s Q-ball remains a compelling instance of the formation of localized objects within classical field theory, independently of the quantum evolution. The theoretical possibility of such objects forming and colliding in the early Universe from models such as Affleck-Dine fragmentation, or from a number of mechanisms where they are produced copiously with various sizes and charges to constitute dark matter in the Universe, makes it important to study in detail Q-ball collision phenomenology. In this work, we present certain results from the study of Q-ball collisions and their generation of gravitational waves, using a new general code package for scalar fields coupled to gravity. We then comment on the possibility of future gravitational wave detectors searching for signals of Q-ball collisions. Published by the American Physical Society 2024