The use of technical means for diagnosing traction engines rolling stock

Aim. Demonstrate the practical significance of assessing the technical condition of traction electric locomotives during unsteady operating modes by analyzing the nature and causes of an emergency increase in the armature current of the NB–520V traction motor in traction mode. This study uses comparative analysis of trip file fragments from EP1 series electric locomotives at a locomotive depot. Methods. A review was conducted on innovative methods for studying the unsteady operating modes of traction electric motors in locomotives. These methods help determine the causes of emergency armature current increases under various operating conditions. The emergency increase in the armature current was considered in the traction mode, for which the results of the fragments of the trip files were analyzed using a microprocessor-based traction motor diagnostic system installed on an EP1 electric locomotive. Results. The proposed diagnostic methods allow for the detection of developing malfunctions early, preventing irreversible damage in traction motor operations. These methods also help plan the timing and volume of equipment repairs. The study identified the nature and causes of emergency armature current surges in the NB-520V motor during traction mode, which were linked to violations in standard operating modes of electric locomotives. A recommended procedure was developed for use in repair depots to identify and address unsteady operating modes of the traction electric motor. Conclusion. Timely and correct diagnosis of traction motors can significantly reduce downtime during unplanned repairs, avoiding unnecessary costs for motor replacements. The developed algorithm enables efficient identification of the causes of armature current surges in traction mode, using diagnostic microprocessor systems on electric locomotives. These systems help develop preventative measures, reducing motor failures on the line and train delays. In addition to the recommended procedure for detecting traction engine malfunctions, the study highlights new opportunities for creating an integrated information and measurement system for monitoring and diagnostics, based on the current technical condition of locomotive equipment.