Retrospective Study of Maxillofacial Traumatic Injury Pattern on Plastic Surgery Unit at Bali Mandara General Hospital

Introduction Trauma is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, often accompanied by maxillofacial injuries in a significant portion of patients. Maxillofacial trauma represents a serious public health problem and their epidemiology varies between populations. Bali Mandara General Hospital is a new government hospital operated in October 2017, that provides care for plastic surgery patients, including maxillofacial trauma patients. The current study aims to investigate the pattern of maxillofacial traumatic injuries, and management of maxillofacial traumatic injuries by our plastic surgery service. Methods A hospital-based, single-centered study was conducted from January 1st, 2018 to December 31st, 2022 at Bali Mandara General Hospital. Medical records of maxillofacial patients undergoing surgical procedure were retrospectively reviewed Data is collected and analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel and SPSS Statistic version 26. Results A total of 107 maxillofacial patients who received treatment for maxillofacial trauma in the departments during the study period were included; 76 (71.02%) are male and 31 (28.97%) female. The majority of patients belonged to the 21-30 years age group (27 patients, 25.23%). The mean age for the group was 32.26±17.31 years, ranging from 1 to 83 years. Soft tissue injuries (64; 29.63%) and maxilla fracture (35; 16.20%) were the two most common site of maxillofacial injuries. The most common associated injuries was upper extremity injuries (11; 30.56%), followed by lower extremity injuries (9; 25.00%). The most common surgical management were ORIF (61; 28.64%) and debridement (54; 25.35%). Conclusion Young age and males were predominantly affected. Maxillary fracture was the most frequent maxillofacial fracture. Maxillofacial trauma was often associated with upper extremity injuries. ORIF was the most surgical common management.