Epidemiology of Burn Patients at Bali Mandara General Hospital Treated With Emergency Management of Severe Burns Protocol: A Retrospective Study

Background Burns are one of the most common injuries resulting from heat or radiation, electricity, and chemicals. Bali Mandara General Hospital is a new government hospital operated in October 2017. The hospital implemented the Ministry of Health Regulation’s Guideline which applies the Emergency Management of Severe Burns to manage burns cases. Aim The current study aims to determine the epidemiological burn patients at Bali Mandara General Hospital, and emphasize the importance of burn management strategies. Methods A hospital-based, single-center, and retrospective study was conducted from November 1st, 2017 to June 30th, 2022 at Bali Mandara General Hospital. Demographic and clinical information were extracted from hospital medical records. Data is collected and analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel and SPSS Statistic version 26. Correlation between ABSI score and length of hospital stay were examined. Results A total of 142 burn patients were included in this study; including 56 (39,43%) moderate – severe burn patients, 35 (62.50%) are male and 21 (37.50%) female, out of which are 33 (82.5%) patients with burn time-admission gap < 24 hours. The major proportion of burn patients are adults (18-65 years old) - 110 (77.46%) patients with an average age of 27±17.72 years. The most common total body surface area (TBSA) of burn ranged from 1 to 10%. The major proportion of moderate – severe burn patients are adults (42 patients, 38.18%). There were 40 (71.42%) patients undergoing surgical procedure. Scald and flame contributed equally for the amount of moderate to severe burns (21 patients, 37.50%). Average length of hospital stay was 8.3 days, ranging from 3 to 15 days. Seventeen (42.50%) patients have low mortality risk. Spearman’s correlation between ABSI score and length of stay resulted in a coefficient of 0.48, indicating a moderate correlation. Conclusion Scald is the most common cause of burn injury in all burn patients and male dominated in this study. ABSI score and length of stay has positive correlation in our study.