STUDYING THE INFLUENCE OF OIL'S HEAVY METALS ON THE ENVIRONMENT

It was determined that the amount (activity) of radionuclides in coastal sands of Caspian Sea is 3-4 times lower than in the surrounding soils and the level of background radiation is 3-4 times below the maximum permissible directive value (0.12 µSv/hour). Accumulation of radionuclides and heavy metals are observed in soil areas, contaminated with oil refinety waste. Regardless of the concentration of heavy metals and radionuclides, neither any green vegetation nor microorganisms are observed in areas contaminated with oil waste. It has been established that in soils contaminated with oil waste, the amount of radionuclides is 2-3 times higher compared with clean land areas, and the levels of background radiation exceed the permissible directive values by 2 times. A detailed examination of soil plots in the study areas showed that a 2-3 fold change in the concentration of heavy metals does not affect the number of microorganisms in the soil unpolluted with oil waste. A comparative analysis of the concentrations of mineral components and natural radionuclides shows that fertile soils in mountainous and foothill areas are characterized by relatively high concentrations of the studied components. It is observed that the green vegetation is relatively more developed in unpollted fertile soils, where the amount of natural radionuclides is relatively large.