The role of non-invasive scores in the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis in people with type 2 diabetes

Liver fibrosis represents one of the most pressing problems of steatotic liver disease, as it contributes to disease progression and increases the risk of mortality. Early detection of people with type 2 diabetes and liver fibrosis is essential in disease management, to avoid complications. The study is based on the review of the research articles published during the period 01.01.2007-30.05.2024, in the databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Academic. From the total number of 280 articles, 27 relevant articles were selected. Non-invasive scores are algorithms that incorporate different clinical variables and biomarkers, increasing the sensitivity and specificity of identifying liver fibrosis. The most commonly used scores are APRI, BARD, NFS, FibroTest, and FIB-4. Recent studies demonstrated that these scores have been validated and can be applied in clinical practice. However, the FIB-4 score exceeds the accuracy of other non-invasive scores and has been recommended by several international societies as a screening method for liver fibrosis in people with type 2 diabetes. Noninvasive scores represent promising, useful, and cost-effective diagnostic methods for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis in people with type 2 diabetes. They provide an assessment of prognosis and the development of effective personalized management strategies, eliminating the risks associated with liver biopsy.