Studies on the mechanical properties of microalgae and their effects on growth, breeding and extraction quality

Microalgae is becoming a crucial research topic because of global resource shortage, pollution, and population growth make. This paper focuses on the mechanical properties of microalgae cells, including the characterization of cell stiffness, adhesion force, and deformability and their applications in growth regulation and breeding. Understanding cell behavior provides significance and serves as a basis for screening and cultivating microalgae. It analyzes the effects of mechanical factors, including light, temperature, and fluid shear stress on microalgae growth and emphasizes the importance of optimizing these conditions. It discussed high-throughput screening techniques in microalgae breeding and the correlation between mechanical properties and superior traits. With regard to microalgae processing, the paper examines the role of cellular biomechanics in harvesting, extraction, and product quality optimization, including the selection and optimization of harvesting methods, the evaluation of cell fragmentation efficiency, and the relationship between product quality and mechanical properties. The paper presents case studies on specific microalgae species like Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and highlights its potential to optimize culture conditions, promote product diversification, drive technological innovation, support environmental protection, and enhance interdisciplinary cooperation.