Influence of drained agricultural landscape on productivity of grain-grass crop rotation on sod-podzolic soils

The paper examined the data of long-term monitoring of the productivity of the grain-grass crop rotation within the till plain with knoll and kettle topography of the Moscow age, the influence of landscape and climatic conditions on the yield of cereals and grasses, as well as the biological activity of sod-podzolic soils. The variants of the experiment were aggregates of the agricultural landscape (factor A): transit-accumulative geocomplexes of the lower parts of slopes; transit locations of their central parts; transit-accumulative microlandscapes of the upper parts of the slopes; flat top (eluvial-accumulative landscape) for the years of observations (2019–2023). Based on the application of variance and correlation analysis it was revealed that the highest average agricultural landscape biological activity of soils under young grass stands (49.2 % of the soil decomposition) was observed in the 2020, which was excessively wet. In the upper part of the southern slope of the hill it reached 96.6 %, and at the bottom of the northern slope only 24.1 %. The lowest average soil bioactivity was recorded in drought 2023 under spring wheat (16.2 %). The maximum value (19.4 %) was at the top of the northern slope, and the minimum (11.4 %) was on the flat top of the hill. On average, crop rotation yields ranged from 3.43 t/ha (2019) to 2.60 t/ha (2021, 2022). At the top, it was on average 3.13 t of feed units per ha, and in the middle and at the bottom of the southern slope – 2.65-2.5 t of feed units per ha. The obtained results will make it possible to optimize the location of crop rotation fields in farms, in which cereals and herbaceous crops are used simultaneously. The specificity of the landscape, characteristic for the Non-Black Soil Zone will be taken into account.