Features of the formation of the yield of vetch-oat mixture depending on weather conditions and chemicals

Vetch-oatmeal mixture of annual herbs, it is a valuable component in the feeding diets of cattle. Due to the high plasticity of vetch and oats, this herb mixture has found wide distribution in farms with developed meat and dairy cattle breeding in many soil and climatic regions of the country. Long-term lysimetric studies have shown that the vetch-oat mixture reacted acutely to the weather conditions prevailing during the growing season, which significantly affected its productivity level. In optimal weather, the potential of plants was fully realized, and in arid conditions there was a significant shortage of yields. In the variant with the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N90P120K120 and the complex use of plant protection products, the productivity of the green mass of the grass mixture in conditions of mild drought was 15.06 t/ha in 1978, 16.19 t/ha in 2016. Whereas in the optimal weather conditions in 2004 and with a certain excess of summer precipitation, it increased in this variant to 32.36 t/ha. Mineral fertilizers, compared with protective agents, had a more significant effect on the yield of the vetch-oat mixture. In some years, when forming the productivity of annual grasses, there was a significant interaction between the studied factors, namely, the complex of applied protective agents enhanced the impact of the applied mineral fertilizers. Chemicals a significant impact on the safety of vetch and oat plants at the time of harvesting. Vetch turned out to be more resistant to falling out in the grass mixture. By the time of harvesting, it had been preserved by 24-32% more than oats. The use of plant protection products in crops of annual grasses increased the viability of crops during the growing season.