The study of winter rye varieties based on biological and economically valuable characteristics

The results of the study of 15 winter rye varieties from the world collection are presented in the article. Under natural conditions, due to favorable meteorological environments for the development of overwintering fungi Microdocium nivale and Sclerotinia graminearum Elen., the evaluation on the infectious background was carried out and resistant varieties were identified. Morphological and biological features such as plant height, peduncle length, spike length, density and number of grains per spike as well as economically valuable characters: weight and number of grains per spike, seed mass per test sheaf were studied. Breeding indices were calculated. It was revealed that the majority of varieties by phenotypic traits belong to the recessive type of shortness. Resistant varieties to complex fungal damage Immuner 76, Metelitsa, Yaselda, Petrovna, Vyrii, Saratovskaya 10, Arand and Varco were identified. Varieties Saratovskaya 7, Saratovskaya 10, Alpha, Klich, Arand, Warko are recommended for breeding on yield index.