Improvement of methods of cultivation of hemp of the Central Russian ecotype

The article shows the results of research for 2020-2023 on leached chernozem to improve the techniques of cultivation of a drug-free variety of cultivated hemp Nadezhda. The influence on the growth, development and productivity of the culture of seed treatment before sowing and fertilizing plants during the growing season with different methods of sowing and seeding rates (wide-row seeding method with seeding rates of 0.9 million/ha, 1.2 million/ha, 1.5 million/ha and an ordinary seeding method with seeding rates of 2.0 million/ha) was analyzed. It was found out that when sowing with a row spacing of 45 cm (wide-row sowing), the seed yield was 1.17 -1.57 t/ha, when sowing with a row spacing of 15 cm (ordinary sowing) 0.60 -1.24 t/ha. The use of non-root treatment Humate+7 increased the yield of seeds (an increase from 9.7 to 16.7%) compared with the control, regardless of the method of sowing. The oil content of the variants is high, from 31.45 to 33.02%, the effect of non-root top dressing Humate +7 is significant, the increase was 0.34-1.6%, oils from 1 hectare were collected from 0.41 - 0.52 t/ha when sowing with row spacing of 45 cm, with an ordinary sowing method 0.34 - 0.50 t/ha. The protein content in hemp seeds is 25.47% with an ordinary sowing method, 25.74% with a wide-row sowing method, thickening of sowing leads to a decrease in protein by 0.27-1.6%. With the wide-row sowing method, the seeds were large, from 17.0 to 18.29 g, with the ordinary sowing method, the mass of 1000 seeds decreased to 16.7 - 17.58 g.