Multilocation studies of the effect translocation 4AS.4AL-7S#2S on productivity and grain quality of spring bread wheat

One of the problems in the breeding of bread wheat for resistance to the causative agent of leaf rust is the lack of effective resistance genes. One of these genes is the Lr28 gene transferred from Aegilops speltoides to translocation 4AS.4AL-7S#2S (Lr28- translocation). Despite its effectiveness, it is rarely used in practical breeding. The main reason for this is the lack of prebreeding studies and identification of the Lr28 translocation effect on grain yield and the bread making quality. This article presents the results of studying the agronomic value of 4AS.4AL-7S#2S translocation on spring bread wheat line-analogous cultivar Saratovskaya 68 during 2021-2023 in four geographical locations: fields at the Institute in the breeding crop rotation of the FCAR of the South-East in Saratov, experimental farm of the FCAR of the South-East in Saratov, fields of breeding crop rotation of the Krasnokutsk breeding experimental stations branch of the FCAR of the South-East and fields of breeding crop rotation of the Ershovskaya experimental station of irrigated agriculture branch of the FCAR of the South-East. The research included the study of the elements of productivity of the main ear, yield and grain quality. The obtained data were subjected to ANOVA analysis. The results of studies on the effect of Lr28 translocation show that this translocation has either a neutral or positive effect on grain productivity. At the same time, there is a sufficient level of drought resistance. For bread wheat plants with the translocation under study, the critical period is the period of grain filling. In severe droughts during this period (GTC 0.1; 0.2; 0.5) the line with 4AS.4AL-7S#2S translocation reduces grain productivity. The line analogous C68Lr28 with Lr28 translocation did not differ for grain protein content from the cultivar- recipient Saratovskaya 68. For gluten content at all points of the research, the C68Lr28 line was on the same level as both the cultivar-recipient Saratovskaya 68 and the cultivar-standard Saratovskaya 76. According to the indicators of the alveograph (P, P/L, W), the line with 4AS.4AL-7S#2S translocation decreased elasticity (P), the ratio of elasticity to extensibility (P/L), an increase in the strength of flour (W) was noted. In terms of the volume of experimental loaves and according to the general baking assessment, the C68Lr28 line exceeded the Saratovskaya 68 recipient cultivar.