Experience of cultivating dark purple onion at the South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute

Allium atropurpureum have been studied: features of development from seeds, phenology, morphometry, reproductive activity at a young generative age. In the wild flora, it is found in Austria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, the Balkan Peninsula and Northwestern Turkey. Generative phase is reached 5–6 years after sowing. Annually blooms and fruits, seasonal development is stable, the rhythm of development is ephemeroid. The vegetation begins in the 1st–2nd decade of April. It blooms at the end of May –first half of June (23.05–12.06). Flowering lasts an average of 15 days. Fruiting occurs in July. The growing season lasts an average of 100 days. Average values of morphometric parameters during the study years: height of the stem – 56.3±7.24 cm (42.3–76.0 cm), thickness of the stem – 0.5±0.07 cm (0.3–0.6 cm); leaf length – 22.2±1.06 cm (19.4–24.5 cm), leaf width – 2.5±0.27 cm (1.8–3.1 cm); umbel diameter – 5.8±0.40 cm (4.7–6.6 cm), umbel height – 3.8±0.23 cm (3.1–4.1), flower diameter – 1.5±0.08 cm (1.3–1.6 cm). Average reproductive indicators: number of flowers is 42.6±7.67 pcs. (28.5–64.4 pcs.), number of fruits – 29.2±6.08 pcs. (19.0–46.7 pcs.), seed formation – 68.3 % (60.4–74.4 %), real seed production – 160.7±43.68 pcs, (74.0–282.2 pcs.), number of seeds in the fruit – 5.1±0.49 pcs. (3.8–5.9 pcs.), germination of the seeds – 52.0 % (38.1–59.3 %), potential seed production – 425.8±76.7 pcs. (285.0–644.2 pcs.), productivity ratio – 36.0 % (25.8–43.0 %). Reproduction is by seed and vegetative. The absolute weight of the seeds is 1.8 g, it forms an average of 20.2±1.73 pcs. (15–25 pcs.) of ratoons.