A new hydrated crystalline form of <i>N</i>-[(<i>E</i>)-(4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-1<i>H</i>-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine and its antifungal activity

The synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld analysis, and anti-fungal assessment of a new monohydrated Schiff base with a triazole moiety are reported. The structural study revealed the presence of three significant hydrogen bonds (N-H⋯N, O-H⋯N, and O-H⋯O), which contribute to the cohesion of the crystal. These bonds generate two-dimensional layers parallel to the <i>bc</i> plane, built on the basis of rings with the graph-set motifs <i>R</i> ⁴ ₄(8) and <i>R</i> ⁴ ₄(24). The crystal structure is further consolidated by π-π inter-actions between similar rings. The anti-fungal activity of the Schiff base was evaluated against three fungi: <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>, <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>, and <i>Alternaria alternata</i>, showing significant anti-fungal activity, particularly against <i>Alternaria alternata</i>.