Groundwater Remediation for Irrigation at Al-Raaed Station Using Banana Peel-Derived Activated Carbon

This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of banana peel-derived activated carbon (BPAC) in removing cations, ions, and TDS from groundwater at Al-Raaed station for safe irrigation use.Al-Raaed station in Abu Ghraib, which is linked with the Ministry of Water Resources, relies on groundwater for irrigation.This research aims to tackle the issue of elevated groundwater salinity and associated pollutants (eliminate cations, ions, and total dissolved solids (TDS)) from groundwater (GW) in the wells, ensuring that groundwater treatment adheres to and is aligned with the guidelines of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), and promoting the use of treated groundwater for irrigation and agricultural purposes by local farmers.The goal is to make the groundwater suitable for irrigation by implementing adsorption technology to reduce the concentration of pollutants.Banana peel-derived activated carbon (BPAC) is ready for use as an adsorbent.The chemical composition of the materials was examined using XRD, SEM, and FTIR spectroscopy.For optimal conditions to extract groundwater suited for irrigation, the adsorption process's four parameters-dosage, duration, agitation speed, and pH-were examined.When planning water management for sustainable productivity, it is essential to have a firm grasp of the topic of irrigation water quality.Key quality indicators such as pH, EC, total dissolved solid (TDS), cations, and anions were measured in laboratory water samples.The overarching goal of this investigation was to use treated groundwater for irrigating crops.The most effective clearance rates were 76% for Mg and 94% for K, occurring at a dosage of 2.5 g with an optimal duration of sixty minutes.For Ca, Na, and Cl, the removal efficiencies were 53%, 72%, and 57%, respectively.A removal efficiency of 47% for Ca, 43% for SO4, and 53% for Na can be achieved at an agitation speed of 150 rpm.Optimal acidity is at pH 5, with removal efficiencies of 83% for Mg, 52% for SO4, 94% for K, and 47% for NO3.The groundwater emerging from remediation by adsorption is suitability to FAO guidelines promoting the use of treated groundwater for irrigation and agricultural purposes by local farmers.The principles apply FAO guidelines to evaluating groundwater for irrigation for chemical elements such dissolved salts, sodium concentration, and harmful ions.