The Predictive Accuracy of the New Trauma Score and the Revised Trauma Score in Predicting the Mortality of Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi

Background Trauma is a major public health issue, causing disease and death globally. Injuries can range from mild to severe, requiring different levels of medical attention from a skilled team. Objectives To predict the accuracy of the new trauma score (NTS) and the revised trauma score (RTS) for predicting the mortality of patients presenting in the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital in Karachi. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Emergency Department of Civil Hospital Karachi (CHK), Pakistan, for six months and included 366 patients. Patients with blunt, traumatic, crush, or penetration injuries were included in this study. All patients were given a score according to the NTS and RTS. Results The median age of the study's participants was 31.90 ± 7.46 years. A mortality rate of 4.64% was noted. The NTS demonstrated a diagnostic accuracy of 97.5%, a sensitivity of 88.2%, a specificity of 98%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 68.2%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 99.4% for predicting mortality. The RTS exhibited a diagnostic accuracy of 99.1%, a sensitivity of 88.2%, a specificity of 99.7%, a PPV of 93.8%, and an NPV of 99.4%. When the NTS and RTS were combined, they exhibited a diagnostic accuracy of 97.5%, a sensitivity of 82.5%, a specificity of 98%, a PPV of 68.2%, and an NPV of 99.4% for predicting mortality. Conclusion As a result, we conclude that both RTS and NTS were equally useful in predicting hospitalization, morbidity, the need for mechanical ventilation, and mortality.