Research on driverless car impact on energy and public safety

As urbanization progresses, cities are increasingly confronted with challenges such as escalating energy consumption, severe traffic congestion, and deteriorating air quality. Highly automated autonomous vehicles (Levels 4 and 5) have the potential to mitigate these issues by enhancing energy efficiency and improving traffic safety through optimized driving routes and speeds. However, the extensive deployment of these technologies also presents significant social challenges, including potential job displacement for drivers and a range of legal and ethical concerns. This study aims to critically evaluate the impact of autonomous driving technology on energy efficiency and social safety. It will investigate how these vehicles contribute to energy optimization by minimizing unnecessary variations in speed and delays, while also addressing potential negative consequences, such as increased social inequality and employment impacts. Furthermore, the study will examine the risks associated with social safety, including cybersecurity threats and ethical issues. By analyzing existing research and data, this study seeks to predict the impact of autonomous driving technology on future society, provide guidance for policymaking, and raise awareness of the potential issues associated with autonomous vehicles.