CRISPR/Cas gene editing and its application in the treatment of Gliomas in the brain

The CRISPR/Cas system has emerged as a transformative genome-editing technology, enabling precise modifications of genetic material. This paper explores the potential applications of CRISPR/Cas technology in the treatment of gliomas, particularly glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive and lethal brain tumor. With over 3,000 genes linked to disease-causing mutations, CRISPR/Cas offers a novel approach to address the underlying genetic alterations in cancer. Recent studies demonstrate the efficacy of CRISPR/Cas12a in knocking out miR-21, a microRNA inversely correlated with glioblastoma survival, resulting in reduced tumor growth in mouse models. Furthermore, we introduce a novel "genome shredding" approach using CRISPR/Cas9 to target repetitive DNA sequences in GBM, leading to extensive cell death, independent of the tumor's genetic profile. Despite these promising advancements, challenges remain in optimizing CRISPR's efficacy and delivery mechanisms to improve patient outcomes. This review highlights the significant potential of CRISPR/Cas systems in revolutionizing glioma therapy while addressing the need for continued research to mitigate off-target effects and enhance therapeutic delivery.