Effects of Bionutraceuticals on the Human Body

Nutraceutical, Pharmaceutical, Vitamin D, Carotenoids, N- Acetylcysteine, Curcumin, ROS, L- Cysteine, Anti-Inflammatory. The concept of nutraceuticals is a hybrid concept that has been constantly evolving in the light of new research from past to present. From the words 'nutruent' and 'pharmaceutıcal' in 1989 DR. It was created by Stephen Defelice. Due to the current population and the health education of individuals, nutraceuticals are increasing worldwide. Nutraceuticals meet on common ground with pharmaceuticals by converting functional foodstuffs into forms such as capsules, pills, tablets, etc. Nutraceuticals reduce the need for pharmaceutical drugs by preventing or reducing diseases. In this case, the cytotoxicity value caused by pharmaceutical drugs decreases. Nutaseuticals are broadly divided into many groups. The main source of vitamin D is the epidermis. It is a fat-soluble hormaon through its conversion to biologically inactive vitamin D3, undergoing hydroxylation by 25-hydroxylase in the liver to 25(OH)D. stimulating the maturation of type II pneucytes, supporting surfactant production and increasing the innate immune response in the airways. Skin concentrations of carotenoids increase with ingestion of ingredients and decrease with oxidative stress and UV exposures. There are four main components in the carotenoid family. These are β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, and zeaxanthin, and are thought to be useful in preventing a variety of diseases, including certain cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and eye diseases. N-acetylcysteine has both oral and tropical biobenefits and is the prodrug form of L-cysteine. It reveals glutathione, the most abundant endogenous intracellular antioxidant in the body, thus playing an important role in the body's antioxidant defense system. As a result of the increase in oxidative stress, DNA damage and aging begin to occur. The anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin have the ability to suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines, including chemokines, cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E2, MMPs, interleukins (IL) such as IL-6 and IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor-α. At the same time, curcumin has the role of an antioxidant by suppressing ROS production, scavenging free oxygen radicals, and inhibiting lipid peroxidation.