THE IMPACT OF VARIOUS WHITENING AGENTS ON THE TRACE ELEMENT COMPOSITION OF DENTAL HARD TISSUES

Intorduction. Discoloration of teeth is a common aesthetic concern affecting various segments of the population and individuals of all ages. According to current literature, 74% of respondents believe that an unattractive smile negatively impacts their career, while 92% think it influences success in their personal lives. Modern dentistry offers numerous whitening methods to address tooth discoloration, with professional clinical bleaching being one of the most commonly performed procedures. Despite the variety of available techniques and the continuous emergence of new advancements in recent years, the issue of selecting the most effective and safe whitening agents remains a pressing concern. The purpose of this study was to clinically and experimentally substantiate the selection of optimal teeth whitening methods and to assess their effectiveness. This evaluation was based on experimental analyses of the chemical composition of dental hard tissues, as well as clinical and laboratory research methodologies. To achieve this purpose, the study outlined the following objectives: Identify changes in the chemical composition of tooth enamel in experimental settings after the application of various professional whitening systems and protocols. Evaluate the long-term effects of whitening agents on the chemical composition and structural integrity of dental hard tissues. Methods. Experimental and statistical research methods were utilized to achieve these objectives, including microscopic analysis of the morphological and chemical composition of enamel using a high-resolution Mira LM electron microscope. For the experimental groups, bleaching systems containing 35% hydrogen peroxide and 44% carbamide peroxide were used to analyze their effects on enamel composition. Results and Conclusions. The study compared the chemical composition of enamel surfaces following professional hygiene procedures and the use of carbamide peroxide and hydrogen peroxide as active components in clinical teeth whitening systems. The findings demonstrated that changes in enamel composition significantly influence various oral parameters, including the composition of the oral fluid, the activity of salivary glands, and the functional and structural resilience of dental hard tissues. Experimental results revealed notable deviations in the basic elements of enamel. These findings underscore the importance of selecting whitening agents based on clinical and laboratory tests. Moreover, the use of remineralizing agents with specific chemical formulations tailored to the chosen whitening components is essential to mitigate potential adverse effects and preserve enamel integrity.