ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF THE BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MASTICATORY, TEMPORAL, LATERAL, AND MEDIAL PTERYGOID MUSCLES ON THE ONSET AND PROGRESSION OF GENERALIZED INCREASED TOOTH WEARING

Increased wear of dental hard tissues is a longstanding and pressing issue that has become widespread among populations across different regions, with prevalence ranging from 3% to 83.2%. The influence of the muscles responsible for lifting, extending, and moving the lower jaw on the pathogenesis of generalized increased tooth wear has been studied, but the biomechanical components of “speed” and “force” in these muscles have not been fully clarified. Objective. Using D. Bernoulli's principle, this study aims to investigate the impact of the biomechanical properties—specifically "speed" and "force"—of the masticatory, temporal, medial, and lateral pterygoid muscles on the side of priority and secondary importance for chewing, and their role in the development of increased wear of tooth hard tissues. The tasks of the study is to determine the length, width, and thickness of the masticatory, temporalis, and pterygoid muscles on the primary and secondary chewing sides in patients with increased attrition of tooth hard tissues, as well as in individuals without signs of increased attrition; using D. Bernoulli’s principle, to calculate a dimensionless coefficient for each muscle, and compare the biomechanical properties of “speed” and “force” of the studied muscles to determine their impact on the development of increased wear of tooth hard tissues. Discussion of Results. As the severity of increased tooth wear progresses, the temporal and masticatory muscles exhibit the physical property of “strength”, while the pterygoid muscles demonstrate “speed”. A greater acquisition of “strength” by the temporal and masticatory muscles, coupled with increased "speed" in the pterygoid muscles, leads to heightened friction between the occlusal surfaces of the teeth. Conclusion. The imbalance between the physical properties of “strength” and “speed” in the masticatory, temporal, and pterygoid muscles contributes to the development of increased wear of hard dental tissues.