IMPACT OF IMAGING METHODS ON THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF LOCAL COMPLICATIONS IN ACUTE PANCREATITIS

The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of imaging methods in identifying the morphological characteristics of local complications of acute pancreatitis and to establish indications for their use, thereby optimizing the resource utilization of medical institutions. Materials and Methods. This study analyzed the examination and treatment outcomes of 116 patients with local complications of acute pancreatitis. Visual assessment of pancreatic changes and associated local complications was performed using transabdominal ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with intravenous contrast enhancement. Results. The diagnostic capabilities of ultrasound examination and computed tomography (CT) were comparable for detecting the edematous form of acute pancreatitis with local complications. However, for the necrotic form of acute pancreatitis, CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) proved to be more informative than ultrasound in visualizing the extent and boundaries of inflammation, enabling precise measurement of lesion size. Ultrasound and MRI were particularly effective in assessing the internal architecture of localized fluid collections. Both MRI and CT demonstrated high diagnostic value in identifying acute pancreatitis and its local complications. Across all stages of the disease, imaging methods (ultrasound, CT, and MRI) were highly informative in detecting local complications. Conclusion. The progression and nature of morphological changes in acute pancreatitis with local complications can be accurately determined by comparing pancreatic and peripancreatic tissue changes observed on CT, ultrasound, or MRI. An optimized imaging assessment algorithm enhances the timing and selection of surgical treatment approaches for patients with acute pancreatitis and local complications while promoting the efficient use of technical resources within medical institutions.