PREVALENCE AND STRUCTURE OF PERIODONTAL DISEASES IN PATIENTS WITH FUNCTIONAL OCCLUSION DISORDERS

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and types of periodontal diseases in patients with occlusal interferences. Among the 209 patients examined, periodontal disease was diagnosed in 165 individuals (78.95%). Materials and Methods. To achieve this objective, 209 patients aged 30 to 60 years were examined. These individuals sought clinical examination and treatment at the Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, Periodontology, and Dentistry of the Faculty of Postgraduate Education, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University. The clinical examination followed a standard protocol, which included taking a detailed medical history and assessing the patients’ complaints. Results. The highest prevalence of periodontal diseases was observed in the older age group of 51–60 years. Intact periodontium was identified in 44 individuals (21.05%), which was 3.8 times less common. Among the 165 individuals diagnosed with periodontal pathology, occlusal disorders were present in 136 patients (82.42%), while only 17.58% of those with periodontal disease showed no occlusal interferences. Localized forms of periodontitis were most frequently associated with orthodontic and iatrogenic pathologies. Generalized periodontitis of initial (Grade I) severity was observed at approximately similar rates across the studied occlusal interferences (around 20.00%), except in cases of iatrogenic pathology, where it was slightly lower (16.67%, p<0.05). In patients with pathological tooth abrasion and dentition defects, the initial degree of inflammatory-dystrophic periodontal disease was diagnosed in 20.69±7.52% and 12.96±4.61% of cases, respectively (p<0.05). Advanced forms of tooth-supporting apparatus damage, such as generalized periodontitis of Grade II and III severity, were most prevalent in cases with dentition defects. Conclusion. The findings indicate a high prevalence of occlusal disorders among patients with periodontal pathology, underscoring the mutual aggravation of periodontal disease and occlusal disorders. These conditions significantly complicate the clinical course of each other.