A GIS-based multiscale mapping framework to assess and visualize complex and polygenetic geomorphic systems – A novel ‘Geomorphic Entities’ approach

This paper presents a novel GIS-based methodological framework for multiscale digital mapping and database implementation in sediment dynamics assessments. It relies on the concept of ‘Geomorphic Entities’ (GEs), which are polygon objects representing complex, polygenetic geomorphic systems. GEs allow mapping ‘focal landforms’ as elementary mapping units, while the database stores hierarchical information on sediment sources/sinks classification, process composition, activity, and morphodynamics. We tested this approach in the upper Val d’Arda (N-Apennines, Italy), integrating pre-existing geomorphological datasets with field assessments, photointerpretation, terrain analysis, semi-automated landform classification, and manual digital mapping to produce an Inventory Map of GEs. The primary result is a WebGIS application, allowing end-users to consult and query geospatial data and associated attributes interactively. By combining geomorphological and GIS expertise, this framework addresses the limitations of classical symbol-oriented maps, supporting scientific and applied purposes. It complements traditional mapping methods by structuring complex geomorphological data for use in integrated modelling procedures.