Retrospective analysis of Senecavirus A emergence in diagnostic samples from 2010-2021 in Thailand

This study investigates Senecavirus A (SVA) in Thai swine using 932 clinical samples, comprising 185 serum samples and 747 vesicular fluid and lesion tissue samples. These samples were collected from suspected cases between 2010 to 2021 at pig farms in the northern, western, and central regions of Thailand by the Swine Viral Evolution and Vaccine Development Research Unit (SVEVR) at Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. SVA was first detected in Thailand in 2016 and has been widespread since then, with PCR-based molecular detection showing an average prevalence of 16.3% for SVA, 30.7% for foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV), and 7.5% for co-infections. The SVA isolates are closely related to the Canadian strain 11-55910-3, sharing 63% genetic similarity. Commercial ELISA tests for antibody detection indicated co-infections during SVA outbreaks from 2016 to 2021.