Study of surgical site infection among patients undergoing obstetrics and gynaecological operation in a teaching institute

Introduction: Surgical site infection is a type of healthcare-associated infection, in which a wound infection occurs after an invasive (surgical) procedure. Incidence varies from 0.5 to 15% depending on the type of operation and underlying patient status. This study was carried out to find risk factors of surgical site infection, most common causative organism and their antibiotic susceptibility.Materials and Methods: This study was carried out by the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in collaboration with the Department of Microbiology of Agartala Government Medical College among 300 patients undergoing different surgeries. The patient was followed up till the 30th postoperative day for the development of infection.Result: The likelihood of developing surgical site infection was 9.3% and among which all had superficial infection. The most common organism isolated was E. coli (21%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. E. coli is highest susceptible to Amikacin & highest resistance is observed with Ciprofloxacin. Most of the patients had Anaemia (3.6%), Prolonged PROM (7.1%), and Diabetes (10.7%), Gestational DM (3.6%) gest. HTN, 2 (7.1) Obstructed labour and (17.9%), PROM, etc. Most of the patients had emergency surgery (P=0.0425). In patients with infection, 53.6% had Transverse incision and 46.4%patients had Vertical incision. In patients with infection, the mean duration of hospital stay before Surgery was 2.60±4.79 days. In our study 32.2%patients had requirement of secondary suturing. The mean Postoperative day of developing SSI of patients was 7.92±2.05 days. The mean Post-operative day of hospital stay due to infection was 0.64±2.37days.Conclusion: In our observation, we concluded that the incidence of SSI was higher for Obstetric surgeries compared to Gynecological surgeries. Multiple risk factors identified in the present study can be helpful for SSI risk stratification in our institution. Practitioners and hospitals may use this information as they develop strategies for SSI prevention in their own practice.