Rapeseed oil and prospects for its use (review)

Rapeseed, as one of the crops related to renewable plant resources, can be considered a strategic "culture of the future" due to its high plasticity in relation to growing conditions, however, despite its unpretentiousness, it requires certain care during the growing season to ensure more stable yields with rapid maturation (30-40 kg/ha or more) and the content of a large amount of oil in the seeds (40-52 %) and crude protein (21-34 %). Rapeseed oil, obtained from modern varieties and containing 61-66 % oleic acid and 18-20 % linoleic acid in its composition with an optimal content of up to 70 % oleic acid and up to 28 % linoleic acid for edible vegetable oil, is considered one of the best vegetable oils. A significant increase in demand for rapeseed arose when obtaining food grade varieties (type "00") with a minimum content of erucic acid in its oil, which in refined edible oils of the highest grade should not exceed 2 % of the total fatty acids. In the Russian Federation, it is possible to produce rapeseed oil with a regulated composition of fatty acids. This makes it a sought-after export product that is widely used in various industries. There are also prospects for expanding the acreage for rapeseed, and increasing the seed productivity of the crop, taking into account environmental factors, will increase the production of rapeseed both for the domestic market and for export.