On the Issue of Criminalizing the Use of SIM Box (SIM Bank) Equipment in Russia and Abroad

The article examines the feasibility of a criminal law assessment regarding the use of SIM box (SIM bank) equipment. The application of such communication devices is currently widespread in the commission of vari-ous crimes, including telephone fraud and knowingly false reports of acts of terrorism. The functional capabili-ties of the aforementioned equipment facilitate the automation of criminal activities and complicate the identifi-cation of individuals receiving communication services, in violation of existing legislation. Consequently, the use of SIM box (SIM bank) equipment exhibits a distinct societal danger, as it undermines the public relations associated with ensuring the normal operation of public communication networks and the provision of commu-nication services. Moreover, in several foreign jurisdictions, including countries of the former socialist legal sys-tem (such as Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan), criminal liability for engaging in activities involving such equip-ment has already been established. Based on an analysis of the distinctive features of this type of equipment, the provisions of legislation from various states, draft normative legal acts, as well as an examination of media reports, the author proposes to supplement Chapter 28 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation with a new Article 274.3, which would stipulate criminal liability for engaging in mass telephone calls in violation of existing legislation in the field of communication. In conclusion, tackling the criminalization of SIM box (SIM bank) usage is an urgent requirement in modern legal discussions. This effort is essential for strengthening the integrity of communication networks and protecting public interests in the face of rapidly changing technologi-cal and criminal environments. The study utilized methods including formal-logical analysis and literal interpre-tation.