Little Livestock Dıseases In The Ottoman State And The Impact On Trade (1836-1914)

In the Ottoman Empire, agriculture and animal husbandry were important economic activities of the state. Caring for farm animals has been important all over the world. If we catagorize farm animals into two as cattle and sheep, we tried to examine the diseases of small cattle in our study. Many diseases are still seen in ovine animals today. In this article, ten different diseases seen in cities in various provinces of the Ottoman Empire are explained. It is also reflected in the archive that sometimes several diseases are seen together and precautions are taken accordingly. In particular, it was feared that Cemre disease would be transmitted to humans and efforts were made to obtain a vaccine. The main source of our study is originated from the Presidential State Archives Ottoman Archive. In our article, the precautions have been taken against small ruminant diseases, how the diseases were treated, and what methods have been developed for this purpose are examined. The issue has been tried to be explained in detail with the examples reflected in the archive regarding the reflection of the effects of the diseases in these animals on the commercial structure. Veterinarians were on duty during diseases to ensure that animal sales continued and the commercial structure was affected as little as possible. Animal trade has been tried to continue with a certificate (clean record) issued by the state. The most important factor that brought animal diseases to the agenda was the obstruction that would occur during the sale of animals The documents do not exactly mention the types of some of the achnam diseases. An effort has been made to present the social and economic impact of achnam diseases in cities in many aspects.