An improved method for determining glucosinolate content in Brassicaceаe oil crops

For more than 40 years, at V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops there has been carried out extensive breeding work with winter and spring varieties of rapeseed and turnip rape with the aim of developing non-erucic and low-glucosinolate (“type 00”) varieties. For evaluation of breeding material for glucosinolate content in rapeseed seeds we used modified method of Osik N.S. The purpose of our research is comparative analysis of existing methods for determination of glucosinolate content in seeds and search for the most simple, precise and productive method allowing efficient breeding work with oil crops of Brassicaсeae family. The research was carried out in the laboratory of biochemistry on samples of rapeseed grown in 2022–2024 in conditions of the central zone of Krasnodar region. The total content of glucosinolates was evaluated by the presented method in comparison with methodical instructions of 1988 by Demyanchuk G.T. and by HPLC method. The comparative analysis of existing methods for determination of glucosinolate content in rapeseed seeds showed comparable values of test results, the differences of which were within the reasonable errors. The presented method for determination of the total glucosinolate content in seeds showed adequate repeatability on a spectrophotometer B-1200 and a shaker of the vortex type. The equations of calculation of glucosinolates content depending on optical density of complex solution of glucosinolates with sodium tetrachloropalladate (II) in µmol/g of seeds were obtained. The improved methodology is the simplest, sufficiently precise and productive, which allows effective breeding work with oil crops of the Brassicaceae family.