A clinical case of the effectiveness of the anti PD-1 inhibitor (prolgolimab) in the treatment of metastatic melanoma

Melanoma of the skin is one of the most aggressive cancers. Until recently, metastatic melanoma was associated with an extremely negative prognosis: the median overall survival for this category of patients was no more than 7–8 months. Thanks to the improvement of therapeutic approaches, it was possible to achieve a significant increase in the life expectancy of patients with an unresectable and metastatic process. Currently, several targeted and immunotherapy options are available for the treatment of metastatic or unresectable skin melanoma. These therapeutic approaches have thoroughly taken a leading place in everyday clinical practice and have made it possible to change the natural history of this disease: today about 30–60% of patients can survive 5 years or more. There are 3 immune response checkpoint inhibitors related to PD-1 receptor blockers registered in our country: pembrolizumab, nivolumab and the Russian-made prolgolimab. In this article, we describe a clinical case of effective treatment of a patient with generalized melanoma of the skin using the domestic drug prolgolimab. The article also provides a brief description of the main studies on domestic immunotherapy molecules and their indirect comparison with foreign analogues.