A Meander Line Microstrip Patch Antenna for Internet of Things (IoT) Applications

The paper introduces a design concept for a microstrip patch antenna operating within the 2.4 GHz ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical) band, specifically suitable for applications within the world of the Internet of Things (IoT). The antenna features an inverse S shaped meander line connected with rectangular box, resulting in a compact size of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{40}\times \mathbf{10}\times \mathbf{1.6}\ \mathbf{mm}^{\mathbf{3}}$</tex> and providing better impedance matching and efficiency than conventional meander line antenna. A parasitic patch and slotted partial ground are applied in this antenna. The parasitic patch affects greatly the bandwidth of antenna which is 20%. A FR-4 lossy material is used as substrate for this antenna. The proposed antenna has a gain of 1.14 dB, a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of 1.014 with 73.35% radiation efficiency at 2.4 GHz. Also, the value of reflection coefficient is -42.81 dB at 2.4 GHz indicating low power loss due to reflection. The proposed antenna is integrated with home automation system to verify its performance on IoT application.