Single Mode THz Waveguide Using Zeonex-Based Photonic Crystal Fiber

This study introduces a innovative hexagonal photonic crystal fiber (PCF) composed of Zeonex, aimed at minimizing confinement loss (CL) while ensuring a adequate level of effective material loss (EML) within the terahertz frequency range. The finite element method (FEM), using a perfectly matched layer (PML) boundary condition, is employed here to investigate the optimal characteristics of PCF. Simulation results exhibit that the PCF effectively transmits signals in a single-mode state. Remarkably low CL of 3.26 × 10–<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup>dB/m and EML of 0.1034 m<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−1</sup> are achieved at 1 THz operating frequency. Additionally, the paper discusses other crucial parameters like core power fraction and birefringence. This cost-effective Zeonex-based terahertz fiber holds promise for diverse applications within the terahertz frequency spectrum.