Optimal BESS Allocation in Radial and Meshed Distribution Network

Continuous proliferation of energy demand caused by the electrification of conventional loads and Electric Vehicle (EV) charging poses various operational challenges for Electric Power System (EPS) planners, in particular on distribution network expansion and congestion. Network reconfiguration and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) play a vital role in minimization of network congestion/expansion, and it is therefore essential to understand how optimal design can enhance their role in network support. In this paper we compare centralized and decentralized allocation of BESS in radial and meshed distribution networks, using Grey Wolf Optimizers and using IEEE standard distribution networks. We show that converting existing radial networks into meshed networks saves a significant amount of total expense under long-term planning. Also, decentralized BESS integration is more cost effective in radial networks as compared to a centralized scheme.