Improving Efficiency and Controlling of a Pinwheel Type Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine for Low Wind Speed Area

This interdisciplinary research integrates theoretical principles like Betz's law, Bernoulli's principle, and Navier-Stokes equations that helps in CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulations to design an efficient pinwheel type wind turbine. Through the use of CFD analysis, 7 different types of pinwheel blade designs are evaluated, and among them the most efficient one is chosen with an efficiency improvement of 51.4% over the previous one which performance coefficient was 49% for the given wind speed at 5ms<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> • The key engineering complexity involved designing a control system using an array of 8 hall-effect sensors at 45° intervals for 360° wind direction detection and blade orientation adjustment. Recognizing real-world challenges, a prototype is developed incorporating hall-effect sensors together with a magnetic pointer for dynamic blade positioning based on wind direction within the angle intervals that results in the maximum voltage and power outputs of approximately 4V and 2.66W respectively after testing. Despite having the lack of market constraints limits for the applicability of this research, this paper is aimed at surpassing the current power efficiency benchmarks and, therefore, becoming a prototype that remains valuable from the point of view of discovering new knowledge and innovations in methodology.