Implementation of Microstrip Patch Antenna Array for Detection of Brain Tumor

In this work, a microstrip patch antenna array designed specifically to detect brain tumors at 2.4 GHz, a frequency that is within the ISM frequency, is presented. The antenna array was meticulously designed to address the challenging issues related to brain tumour detection, while adhering to the safety rules outlined by IEEE standards. The antenna array is constructed using a FR-4 substrate, which has a relative permittivity of 4.3 F/m. The substrate has a thickness of 1.6 mm. The efficacy of the proposed microstrip patch antenna array in cancer detection is meticulously evaluated. The efficacy of the antenna array in detecting brain cancer is assessed by implanting a malignant tumour into a simulated model of the human brain. The simulation findings indicate that the reflectance coefficient experienced a shift of 7.34 dB due to the presence of a tumour. Additionally, the resonance frequency experiences a change of 3.2 MHz in the presence of a tumour. The detection exhibited a difference of 643.26% in gain, 7.77% in directivity, 7.77% in e-field, 2.57% in h-field, and 40.21% in SAR. The SAR is computed using a 10g tissue model. These values meet the safety standards set by the IEEE standard, confirming the feasibility of the suggested antenna for detecting brain cancer.