Morals, Politics and Theory of the Public and the Private in the Zhuzixue

The purpose of this study is to identify Confucianism's theory of the public and the private by comparing and analyzing the differences between Confucius’s Confucianism, Mencius’s Confucianism, and the Zhuzixue within the framework of ‘differences in moral and political concepts.’ As a method, we adopt a method to highlight the differences in the meaning in which Confucius, Mencius, and ZhuXi explain and use ‘Ren仁’, and also analyze the causes of those differences. Rather than analyzing the various meanings of Ren仁, this analysis focuses on the social context of the concept of Ren仁.<br/>We can see that the concepts of morals and politics are not fixed, but that the thinker's understanding changes according to the context of the times, and the understanding of the public and the private changes accordingly.<br/> Confucius's Confucianism was in the context of an era in which moral and political concepts were separated, while Mencius's Confucianism changed within Confucian school and in the process of ideological justification by ‘all philosophers and scholars during the pre-Qin times(諸子百家)’ as the division between morals and politics became more severe, and Zhuzixue also changed in the context of Taoism or the relationship between Taoism and Buddhism at the time. The competition required a philosophical justification, and in the process, it appears that a theoretical justification for the mind and a cosmology were formed along with it. Depending on the ideological background of each Confucianism, the regulations regarding the public and the private also changed. Starting from the Confucianism of Confucius, the Confucianism<br/>of Mencius, and to the Zhuzixue, the concept of the public and the private was defined based on the social class and status and the faithful performance of Li-Yue(禮樂) appropriate to each community, and gradually internal moral principles became the concept of the public and the private. It has changed to become the standard for.