STUMP REMOVAL: AN OVERVIEW OF METHODS, TECHNOLOGIES AND MACHINES

The article provides a comprehensive review of methods and technologies for stump and tree removal used in forestry and agriculture. Mechanical, chemical, biological, fire-based, and combined approaches are examined, along with their advantages, disadvantages, and conditions of application. Special attention is given to modern technical equipment, including stump pullers, mulchers, and drilling units, which enhance productivity and minimize environmental impact. Recommendations are provided for selecting the optimal method depending on landscape characteristics, vegetation type, and project goals. The study emphasizes the importance of integrating innovative technologies to improve operational efficiency and preserve ecosystems.