INFLUENCE OF METHODS OF AUGMENTATION OF THE ALVEOLAR PROCESS DURING TOOTH EXTRACTION OPERATION ON THE STABILITY OF DENTAL IMPLANTS

The issues of functional and aesthetic optimum are extremely important in the field of providing dental care to the population nowadays. Different materials are used to solve the issue of bone atrophy after tooth extraction: bone substitutes (autografts, allografts, xenografts or alloplastic materials), resorbable and nonresorbable membranes, etc. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of the type of healing of the alveola of the removed mandibular molar on the effectiveness of dental implantation. Materials and methods. The study enrolled 75 patients aged 25 to 45 years who were indicated for removal of a single mandibular molar with subsequent planning of dental implantation. The results. Patients were enrolled into three clinical groups depending on the method of alveolar process augmentation. Before the surgical stage of dental implantation, which corresponded to the 90th day after the tooth extraction operation, the lowest indicator of the optical density of bone tissue was noted in patients of the control group, where the healing of the socket of the removed tooth took place traditionally under a blood clot. In the first and second clinical groups, on the 90th day after the installation of the implant, a higher optical density of bone tissue in the area of the installed dental implant, compared to the control group, continued to be observed by 20.3% and 57.0%, respectively. Conclusion. The combined use of granules of bone substitute of animal origin and keratoxenoimplant after the operation of removal of the mandibular molar leads to the optimal formation of newly formed bone tissue in the area of the socket of the removed tooth, which contributes to the processes of osseointegration of the intraosseous dental implant.