High-Resolution Mapping of Concentrated Solar Power Site Suitability in Ghardaïa, Algeria: A GIS-Based Fuzzy Logic and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis

Algeria primarily relies on fossil fuels to meet its growing electricity demand, significantly contributing to climate change and the depletion of non-renewable resources. In response, the Algerian government has initiated ambitious plans to integrate renewable energy into the national grid. While photovoltaic solar energy has received substantial attention over the past decade, the potential for Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) remains largely untapped, despite its advantages for thermal energy storage and sustainable electricity production. This study assesses the feasibility of establishing CSP plants in Ghardaïa, a city in southern Algeria, using high-resolution <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$30\times 30$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-meter Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data. By integrating GIS with Fuzzy Logic and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) techniques, and utilizing a variety of spatial maps, this study identifies areas suitable for high- and medium-scale CSP plants. The analysis reveals that 10% of the region’s land is suitable for CSP installations, with 1% categorized as extremely suitable for large-scale projects. Furthermore, 33% of the land is suitable for small-scale CSP plants, of which 3% is deemed extremely suitable. These findings underscore the significant potential for expanding CSP infrastructure in Ghardaïa, aligning with Algeria’s renewable energy objectives.